Syllabus of Data Structure Through Object Oriented Programming Language (A5-R5)

A Level - Syllabus of Module: A5-R5- Data Structure Through Object Oriented Programming Language

Introduction : Good knowledge of data structures and algorithms is the foundation of writing good code. Having good knowledge of essential Data structures like array, string, linked list, stack, queue, tree, graph etc makes one understand when to use which Data Structure and accordingly reduce the space and time complexity of the algorithm. Using the right data structure can drastically improve the performance of an algorithm. In depth understanding of Data Structures, enables one to understand how computer gets things done. Everything from memory allocation in the depths of operating system, to the inner workings of an RDBMS, to how networking stack manages to send data from one place to another, all computers rely on fundamental data structures and algorithms, so understanding them better makes one understand the computer better. In this course, the Data Structures and algorithms have been implemented using Object Oriented Approach with C++.Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming language model in which programs are organized around data, or objects, rather than functions and logic. An object can be defined as a data field that has unique attributes and behaviour. OOP approach enables a programmer to deal with real world entities. This opposes the historical approach to programming where emphasis was placed on how the logic was written rather than how to define the data within the logic.

A Level - Syllabus of Module: A5-R5- Data Structure Through Object Oriented Programming Language

Detailed Syllabus : 

(i) Object Oriented Concepts : Object Oriented Programming- a new paradigm, Abstraction, forms of Abstraction, OOP concepts- Classes, Objects, Polymorphism, Data Encapsulation, Data Hiding, Inheritance, 

(ii) Basics of C++, Classes and Objects : Features of C++, Tokens, keywords, Data types, Operators, Manipulators, Console input, output, Control statements (conditional and loops), Functions, Classes, Instantiation, Destructor, constructor, Polymorphism - Operator Overloading, Function Overloading, Inheritance-Single, Multiple, Multilevel, Pointers 

(iii) Analysis of Algorithm : Introduction to algorithm design and Data structures, Comparison of Algorithms, Complexity in terms of space and time, Calculation of O- notation. Abstract Data type and its implementation with a Rational number example 

(iv) Searching and Sorting : Searching- Linear and Binary Search, Sorting- Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort, Quick Sort, Merge Sort, Comparison of various searching and sorting techniques in terms of time complexity.

(v) Elementary Data Structures : Arrays, Linked Lists Representation of arrays-single and multidimensional, Address calculation using row major ordering, Various operations on arrays, Linked Lists-Singly Linked List, Double linked List, Circular Linked List- traversing, deleting, inserting, searching, counting, reversing, printing of nodes. 

(vi) Stacks and Queues : Stack ADT, Implementation of stack using array and linked list, Application of Stack- Evaluation of postfix/prefix expression, Queue ADT, Implementation of queue using Array and Linked List 

(vii) Trees : Definition and notations, Binary Search Trees Implementation. Traversals using stacks and recursion - In-order, post-order, pre-order techniques, Threaded binary tree, B-trees with implementation of 2-3 trees. 

(viii) Graphs : Definition and notations, Components of Graphs, Types of Graphs, Graph Implementation using Adjacency Matrix and Adjacency List algorithms and programs, Graph Traversal Methods: Depth First Search and Breadth First Search. 

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Syllabus of Introduction to Internet of Things(IoT) and its Applications (A4-R5)

A Level - Syllabus of Module: A4-R5- Introduction to Internet of Things(IoT) and its Applications 

Introduction : The module is designed to equip the students to understand the basics of connected world that is Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications. IoT primarily refers to the connected and smarter world having physical and virtual objects with some unique identities. IoT applications spans across domains of industrial control, retail, energy, agriculture, etc. This module provides the theoretical and practical aspects of interfacing sensors and actuators, making informed world of Things speaking to each other. The different type of communication modes and models are discussed in detail. The in-depth knowledge of software and packages is provided to make applications in IoT paradigm. 

A Level - Syllabus of Module: A4-R5- Introduction to Internet of Things(IoT) and its Applications

Detailed Syllabus :  

(i) Introduction to Internet of Things – Applications/Devices, Protocols andCommunication Model : Introduction - Overview of Internet of Things(IoT), the characteristics of devices and applications in IoT ecosystem, building blocks of IoT, Various technologies making up IoT ecosystem, IoT levels, IoT design methodology, The Physical Design/Logical Design of IoT, Functional blocks of IoT and Communication Models. 

(ii) Things and Connections : Working of Controlled Systems, Real-time systems with feedback loop e.g. thermostat in refrigrator, AC, etc.Connectivity models – TCPIP versus OSI model, different type of modes using wired and wireless methodology, The process flow of an IoT application. 

(iii) Sensors, Actuators and Microcontrollers : Sensor - Measuring physical quantities in digital world e.g. light sensor, moisture sensor, temperature sensor, etc. Actuator – moving or controlling system e.g. DC motor, different type of actuators Controller – Role of microcontroller as gateway to interfacing sensors and actuators, microcontroller vs microprocessor, different type of microcontrollers in embedded ecosystem. 

(iv) Building IoT applications : Introduction to Arduino IDE – writing code in sketch, compiling-debugging, uploading the file to Arduino board, role of serial monitor. Embedded ‘C’ Language basics - Variables and Identifiers, Built-in Data Types, Arithmetic operators and Expressions, Constants and Literals, assignment. Conditional Statements and Loops - Decision making using Relational Operators, Logical Connectives - conditions, if-else statement, Loops: while loop, do while, for loop, Nested loops, Infinite loops, Switch statement. Arrays – Declaring and manipulating single dimension arrays Functions - Standard Library of C functions in Arduino IDE, Prototype of a function: Formal parameter list, Return Type, Function call. Interfacing sensors – The working of digital versus analog pins in Arduino platform, interfacing LED, Button, Sensors-DHT, LDR, MQ135. Display the data on Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), interfacing keypad Serial communication – interfacing HC-05(Bluetooth module) Control/handle 220v AC supply – interfacing relay module. 

(v) Security and Future of IoT Ecosystem : Need of security in IoT - Why Security? Privacy for IoT enabled devices- IoT security for consumer devices- Security levels, protecting IoT devices Future IoT eco system - Need of power full core for building secure algorithms, Examples for new trends - AI, ML penetration to IoT

(vi) Soft skills-Personality Development : Personality Development - Determinants of Personality- self-awareness, motivation, selfdiscipline, etc., building a positive personality, gestures. Self-esteem - self-efficacy, self-motivation, time management, stress management, Etiquettes & manners. Communication and writing skills- objective, attributes and categories of communication, Writing Skills – Resume, Letters, Report, Presentation, etc. Interview skills and body language. 

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Syllabus of Programming and Problem Solving though Python Language (A3-R5)

A Level - Syllabus of Module: A3-R5-Programming and Problem Solving though Python Language

Introduction to Module : Python is easy to use, powerful and versatile programming language, making it a great choice for developers. Python is used widely in different areas likes building Raspberry Pi applications, writing script program for desktop applications, configuring servers, developing machine learning & data analytics applications and developing web applications.

A Level - Syllabus of Module: A3-R5-Programming and Problem Solving though Python Language

Detailed Syllabus :

(i) Introduction to Programming : The basic Model of computation, algorithms, flowcharts, Programming Languages, compilation, testing &debugging and documentation. 

(ii)Algorithms and Flowcharts to Solve Problems : Flow Chart Symbols, Basic algorithms/flowcharts for sequential processing, decision-based processing and iterative processing. Some examples like: Exchanging values of two variables, summation of a set of numbers, Decimal Base to Binary Base conversion, Reversing digits of an integer, GCD (Greatest Common Division) of two numbers, Test whether a number is prime, factorial computation, Fibonacci sequence, Evaluate ‘sin x’ as sum of a series, Reverse order of elements of an array, Find largest number in an array, Print elements of upper triangular matrix, etc. 

(iii) Introduction to Python : Python Introduction, Technical Strength of Python, Introduction to Python Interpreter and program execution, Using Comments, Literals, Constants, Python’s Built-in Data types, Numbers (Integers, Floats, Complex Numbers, Real, Sets), Strings (Slicing, Indexing, Concatenation, other operations on Strings), Accepting input from Console, printing statements, Simple ‘Python’ programs. 

(iv) Operators, Expressions and Python Statements : Assignment statement, expressions, Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Bitwise operators and their precedence, Conditional statements: if, if-else, if-elif-else; simple programs, Notion of iterative computation and control flow –range function, While Statement, For loop, break statement, Continue Statement, Pass statement, else, assert. 

(v) Sequence Data Types : Lists, tuples and dictionary, (Slicing, Indexing, Concatenation, other operations on Sequence data type), concept of mutability, Examples to include finding the maximum, minimum, mean; linear search on list/tuple of numbers, and counting the frequency of elements in a list using a dictionary. 

(vi) Functions : Top-down approach of problem solving, Modular programming and functions, Function parameters, Local variables, the Return statement, DocStrings, global statement, Default argument values, keyword arguments, VarArgs parameters. Library function-input(), eval(),print(), String Functions: count(), find(), rfind(), capitalize(), title(), lower(), upper(), swapcase(), islower(), isupper(), istitle(), replace(), strip(), lstrip(), rstrip(), aplit(), partition(), join(), isspace(), isalpha(), isdigit(), isalnum(), startswith(), endswith(), encode(), decode(), String: Slicing, Membership, Pattern Matching, Numeric Functions: eval(), max(), min(), pow(), round(), int(), random(), ceil(), floor(), sqrt(), Date & Time Functions, Recursion. 

(vii) File Processing : Concept of Files, File opening in various modes and closing of a file, Reading from a file, Writing onto a file, File functions-open(), close(), read(), readline(), readlines(),write(), writelines(), tell(),seek(), Command Line arguments. 

(viii) Scope and Modules : Scope of objects and Names, LEGB Rule Module Basics, Module Files as Namespaces, Import Model, Reloading Modules. (ix) NumPy Basics Introduction to NumPy, ndarray, datatypes, array attributes, array creation routines, Array From Existing Data, Array From Numerical Ranges, Indexing & Slicing.